25 Unforgettable Things To Do In Oaxaca City: Your Ultimate Travel Guide

Are you planning a trip to Mexico and wondering what to do in Oaxaca City? This vibrant cultural hub in southern Mexico offers an incredible array of experiences that will captivate your senses and leave you wanting more. From ancient ruins to culinary delights, Oaxaca City is a treasure trove of adventures waiting to be discovered.

Oaxaca City, the capital of Oaxaca state, is often overlooked by travelers rushing to Mexico's more famous destinations. However, those who take the time to explore this UNESCO World Heritage site are rewarded with a rich tapestry of indigenous cultures, colonial architecture, and world-class cuisine. Whether you're a history buff, a foodie, or simply looking for an authentic Mexican experience, Oaxaca City has something for everyone.

In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore 25 amazing things to do in Oaxaca City that will make your visit truly unforgettable. From exploring ancient Zapotec ruins to sampling the city's famous mole sauces, we'll cover all the must-see attractions and hidden gems that make Oaxaca City a top destination for travelers seeking an authentic Mexican experience.

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Table of Contents

1. Explore Monte Albán: Ancient Zapotec Ruins
2. Visit the Zócalo: Oaxaca's Main Square
3. Discover the Templo de Santo Domingo
4. Wander Through the Ethnobotanical Garden
5. Take a Cooking Class
6. Explore the Mercado Benito Juárez
7. Visit the Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca
8. Sample Mezcal at a Local Distillery
9. Attend a Guelaguetza Festival
10. Explore the Hierve el Agua Waterfalls
11. Visit the Mitla Archaeological Site
12. Take a Day Trip to the Sierra Norte Mountains
13. Explore the Ex-Convent of Cuilapam
14. Visit the Tree of Tule
15. Take a Textile Workshop
16. Explore the Jalatlaco Neighborhood
17. Visit the Rufino Tamayo Museum
18. Take a Street Art Tour
19. Visit the Oaxaca Ethnobotanical Garden
20. Explore the Santo Domingo Cultural Center
21. Take a Chocolate Workshop
22. Visit the Museum of Contemporary Art of Oaxaca
23. Explore the San Felipe Neri Church
24. Take a Day Trip to Puerto Escondido
25. Attend a Local Festival or Celebration

Explore Monte Albán: Ancient Zapotec Ruins

Monte Albán, one of the most important archaeological sites in Mexico, is a must-visit when exploring things to do in Oaxaca City. This ancient Zapotec capital, perched on a mountain top overlooking the Oaxaca Valley, offers a fascinating glimpse into pre-Columbian civilization.

The site features impressive pyramids, temples, and plazas that date back to 500 BC. As you wander through the ruins, you'll be amazed by the advanced urban planning and astronomical knowledge of the Zapotec people. Don't miss the famous Danzantes (dancers) stone carvings, which depict figures in contorted positions and are believed to represent sacrificed prisoners.

To make the most of your visit, consider hiring a guide who can provide in-depth information about the site's history and significance. The panoramic views of the surrounding valley from the top of the pyramids are breathtaking, especially at sunrise or sunset.

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Visit the Zócalo: Oaxaca's Main Square

No visit to Oaxaca City is complete without spending time in the Zócalo, the city's main square and the heart of its social and cultural life. This bustling plaza is surrounded by colonial-era buildings, restaurants, and cafes, making it the perfect place to soak up the local atmosphere.

During the day, you can relax on one of the many benches, watch street performers, or browse the handicrafts sold by local vendors. As evening falls, the Zócalo comes alive with music, often featuring traditional Oaxacan bands playing banda or marimba music.

The Zócalo is also a great place to sample local street food. Keep an eye out for vendors selling tlayudas (large, crispy tortillas topped with beans, cheese, and meat) or esquites (a corn-based snack). For a more substantial meal, try one of the restaurants overlooking the square for a meal with a view.

Discover the Templo de Santo Domingo

The Templo de Santo Domingo is one of Oaxaca City's most iconic landmarks and a prime example of Baroque architecture in Mexico. This stunning church, built by Dominican friars in the 16th century, is renowned for its ornate facade and richly decorated interior.

As you step inside, you'll be awestruck by the golden altarpiece, which features intricate carvings and statues. The ceiling is equally impressive, adorned with detailed paintings and reliefs depicting the life of Saint Dominic. Take your time to admire the craftsmanship and symbolism in every corner of this architectural masterpiece.

Attached to the church is the former convent, which now houses the Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca. This museum offers a comprehensive look at the region's history, from pre-Hispanic times to the present day. Don't miss the treasure room, which displays gold artifacts and other precious items discovered in a nearby Zapotec tomb.

Wander Through the Ethnobotanical Garden

Located behind the Templo de Santo Domingo, the Ethnobotanical Garden is a hidden gem that showcases the rich biodiversity of Oaxaca and its importance to local cultures. This unique garden is organized by plant usage rather than by botanical classification, offering visitors a fascinating insight into the relationship between plants and people in this region.

As you explore the garden, you'll encounter a wide variety of plants, from towering cacti to delicate orchids. Many of these plants have been used by indigenous communities for centuries in food, medicine, and religious ceremonies. Informative signs in Spanish and English explain the significance and uses of each plant.

Guided tours are available in English and Spanish, and are highly recommended to fully appreciate the garden's importance. The tours also provide access to areas of the garden that are otherwise off-limits to visitors. Remember to bring a hat, sunscreen, and water, as the garden can get quite hot during the day.

Take a Cooking Class

One of the most delicious things to do in Oaxaca City is to take a cooking class and learn how to prepare traditional Oaxacan dishes. Known as the culinary capital of Mexico, Oaxaca offers a rich gastronomic heritage that combines indigenous ingredients with Spanish influences.

Many cooking classes start with a visit to a local market, where you'll learn about the various ingredients used in Oaxacan cuisine. You'll then head to a kitchen to prepare classic dishes such as mole (a complex sauce made with chili peppers and chocolate), tlayudas, or tamales.

Not only will you learn new recipes, but you'll also gain insight into the cultural significance of food in Oaxaca. Many classes also include a mezcal tasting, as this traditional spirit is often paired with meals in Oaxaca. At the end of the class, you'll get to enjoy the fruits of your labor, making for a truly satisfying experience.

Explore the Mercado Benito Juárez

For a true taste of local life, head to the Mercado Benito Juárez, one of Oaxaca City's main markets. This bustling indoor market is a feast for the senses, with colorful displays of fresh produce, aromatic spices, and local handicrafts.

As you wander through the market, you'll find everything from exotic fruits and vegetables to handmade textiles and pottery. It's a great place to pick up souvenirs or try local delicacies. Don't miss the chance to sample chapulines (toasted grasshoppers), a popular snack in Oaxaca.

The market is also an excellent spot for breakfast or lunch. Many stalls serve traditional Oaxacan dishes at very reasonable prices. Try memelas (thick tortillas topped with beans and cheese) or caldo de gallina (chicken soup) for a hearty meal. Remember to bring cash, as many vendors don't accept credit cards.

Visit the Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca

Housed in the former monastery of Santo Domingo, the Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca offers a comprehensive look at the region's rich cultural heritage. This museum is a must-visit for anyone interested in understanding the history and traditions of Oaxaca.

The museum's collection spans from pre-Hispanic times to the present day, with exhibits on archaeology, history, art, and ethnography. One of the highlights is the treasure room, which displays gold artifacts and other precious items discovered in Tomb 7 at Monte Albán.

Other notable exhibits include a collection of pre-Columbian gold jewelry, colonial religious art, and contemporary Oaxacan art. The museum also hosts temporary exhibitions, so there's often something new to see. Plan to spend at least a couple of hours here to fully appreciate the extensive collection.

Sample Mezcal at a Local Distillery

No visit to Oaxaca would be complete without sampling mezcal, the region's famous spirit. Unlike its more famous cousin, tequila, mezcal is made from various types of agave and has a distinct smoky flavor.

Many distilleries, known as palenques, offer tours where you can learn about the production process, from harvesting the agave to the final distillation. You'll see traditional methods still in use today, such as roasting the agave in underground pits.

Of course, the best part of the tour is the tasting session, where you can sample different varieties of mezcal. Each type has its own unique flavor profile, depending on the agave used and the production method. Some distilleries also offer cocktails or food pairings to complement the mezcal.

Remember to drink responsibly and consider arranging transportation if you plan on sampling multiple varieties.

Attend a Guelaguetza Festival

If you're lucky enough to visit Oaxaca City in July, don't miss the Guelaguetza, one of Mexico's most important indigenous celebrations. This festival, which means "offering" in Zapotec, showcases the diverse cultures of Oaxaca through music, dance, and traditional costumes.

The main event is a series of performances held at the Guelaguetza Auditorium, where groups from different regions of Oaxaca showcase their traditional dances and music. The colorful costumes and energetic performances are a feast for the eyes and ears.

But the Guelaguetza is more than just a performance. It's a celebration of community and tradition, with food stalls, artisan markets, and various cultural events throughout the city. Even if you can't attend the main performances, you'll likely encounter smaller celebrations and parades during this time.

Explore the Hierve el Agua Waterfalls

While not technically in Oaxaca City, the Hierve el Agua waterfalls are a popular day trip and one of the most unique natural attractions in the region. These "waterfalls" are actually rock formations created by mineral-rich spring water that has flowed over the cliffs for thousands of years.

The site features two main waterfall-like formations, as well as natural infinity pools at the top where you can take a refreshing dip while enjoying panoramic views of the Oaxacan mountains. The mineral-rich water is said to have healing properties, adding to the site's allure.

There are hiking trails around the area that offer different perspectives of the formations and the surrounding landscape. The site is also significant to local indigenous communities, who consider it a sacred place.

Remember to bring your bathing suit, towel, and water shoes if you plan to swim. Also, be prepared for a bit of a hike to reach the formations, especially if you want to see them from below.

Visit the Mitla Archaeological Site

Another important archaeological site near Oaxaca City is Mitla, the second most important Zapotec site after Monte Albán. Known for its intricate geometric stone mosaics, Mitla offers a different perspective on ancient Zapotec culture.

The site consists of five main groups of buildings, with the most impressive being the Group of Columns. Here, you'll find a large patio surrounded by intricate stone fretwork, considered the finest example of Zapotec stone carving.

One of the unique features of Mitla is the use of albarrada, a decorative technique that involves placing small stones in mortar to create geometric patterns. This technique is not found at any other Mesoamerican site, making Mitla truly unique.

As you explore the site, you'll also notice the influence of Mixtec culture, which came to dominate the area after the decline of the Zapotec civilization. This blend of architectural styles makes Mitla a fascinating place to visit for history enthusiasts.

Take a Day Trip to the Sierra Norte Mountains

For outdoor enthusiasts, a day trip to the Sierra Norte Mountains offers a chance to experience Oaxaca's natural beauty and indigenous cultures. This region, north of Oaxaca City, is home to several Zapotec and Mixe communities and offers excellent opportunities for hiking, bird watching, and cultural experiences.

Many communities in the Sierra Norte have developed sustainable tourism initiatives, offering cabins for overnight stays, guided hikes, and cultural activities. You can learn about traditional farming methods, participate in weaving workshops, or simply enjoy the tranquility of the mountain environment.

The region is also known for its excellent coffee, and you can visit local coffee plantations to learn about the production process and sample some of the best coffee in Mexico.

Whether you're looking for a challenging hike or a relaxing nature retreat, the Sierra Norte Mountains offer a refreshing change of pace from the bustling city.

Explore the Ex-Convent of Cuilapam

The Ex-Convent of Cuilapam, located about 10 km south of Oaxaca City, is a fascinating example of colonial-era architecture and history. This massive complex, built in the 16th century, was never fully completed but remains an impressive sight.

The most striking feature of the ex-convent is its unfinished facade, which gives insight into the construction techniques used during the colonial period. Inside, you can explore the church, cloister, and various rooms that once housed Dominican friars.

One of the most interesting aspects of Cuilapam is its role in Mexican history. It was here that Mexico's first president, Vicente Guerrero, was executed in 1831. A small museum on the site tells the story of this important historical event.

The ex-convent also offers panoramic views of the surrounding valley, making it a great spot for photography. Its peaceful atmosphere and historical significance make it a worthwhile addition to your Oaxaca itinerary.

Visit the Tree of Tule

The Tree of Tule, located in the town of Santa María del Tule about 13 km from Oaxaca City, is a natural wonder that shouldn't be missed. This Montezuma cypress tree, known as El Árbol del Tule in Spanish, is one of the oldest and largest trees in the world.

With a circumference of over 42 meters and a height of 40 meters, this tree is truly massive. Its age is estimated to be between 1,200 and 3,000 years old, making it one of the oldest living things on Earth.

The tree's gnarled trunk is particularly fascinating, with many people claiming to see shapes of animals and other figures in its twisted bark. Local guides are available to point out these shapes and tell you more about the tree's history and significance.

The Tree of Tule is located in a small church courtyard, which has been designated as a World Heritage site by UNESCO. The town of Santa María del Tule also hosts a lively Sunday market, making it a great destination for a half-day trip from Oaxaca City.

Take a Textile Workshop

Oaxaca is famous for its vibrant textile traditions, and taking a workshop is a great way to learn about this important aspect of local culture. Many workshops are available where you can learn techniques such as weaving, dyeing, or embroidery from skilled artisans.

These workshops often start with a visit to a local market to select materials, followed by hands-on instruction in traditional techniques. You'll learn about the different types of natural dyes used in Oaxaca, such as indigo, cochineal (a red dye made from insects), and various plant-based dyes.

Not only will you create your own textile piece to take home, but you'll also gain a deeper appreciation for the skill and artistry involved in traditional Oaxacan textiles. Many workshops also include information about the cultural significance of different patterns and techniques.

This is a great activity for those interested in sustainable and ethical tourism, as many of these workshops support local artisan communities and help preserve traditional crafts.

Explore the Jalatlaco Neighborhood

For a taste of local life away from the tourist hotspots, head to the Jalatlaco neighborhood. This colorful area, located just east of the historic center, is known for its vibrant street art, quaint cobblestone streets, and traditional architecture.

As you wander through Jalatlaco, you'll encounter numerous murals and street art pieces, many of which reflect Oaxacan culture and traditions. The neighborhood is also home to several art galleries and artisan workshops, making it a great place to discover emerging local artists.

Jalatlaco is also known for its excellent restaurants and cafes. Stop by one of the local eateries to try regional specialties or enjoy a cup of Oaxacan coffee. The neighborhood has a more relaxed atmosphere than the city center, making it a great place to explore at a leisurely pace.

If you're interested in photography, Jalatlaco offers endless opportunities for capturing colorful street scenes and architectural details. Early morning or late afternoon are the best times to visit for optimal lighting conditions.

Visit the Rufino Tamayo Museum

Art lovers shouldn't miss the Rufino Tamayo Museum, dedicated to the work of one of Mexico's most famous painters. Born in Oaxaca, Rufino Tamayo is known for his vibrant, abstract style that blends indigenous Mexican themes with European influences.

The museum houses a collection of pre-Hispanic art that Tamayo personally collected over his lifetime. These artifacts, which include sculptures, ceramics, and other objects, served as inspiration for much of Tamayo's work.

In addition to the pre-Hispanic collection, the museum also features a selection of Tamayo's own paintings, offering insight into the artist's creative process and the evolution of his style over time.

The museum building itself is a work of art, with a modern design that contrasts with the colonial architecture found elsewhere in the city. Its tranquil courtyards and gardens provide a peaceful retreat from the bustling city streets.

Take a Street Art Tour

Oaxaca City is home to a vibrant street art scene, with numerous murals and graffiti pieces adorning buildings throughout the city. Taking a street art tour is a great way to discover these urban artworks and learn about the stories and social issues they represent.

Many of the murals in Oaxaca address political and social themes, reflecting the city's history of activism and indigenous rights movements. You'll see works that touch on topics such as environmental conservation, women's rights, and the struggle for indigenous autonomy.

Street art tours are often led by local artists or knowledgeable guides who can provide context and insight into the works you're seeing. They'll explain the techniques used, the artists' intentions, and the cultural significance of the pieces.

These tours not only showcase impressive artwork but also take you to parts of the city you might not otherwise visit, giving you a different perspective on Oaxaca beyond the typical tourist sites.

Visit the Oaxaca Ethnobotanical Garden

The Oaxaca Ethnobotanical Garden, located behind the Templo de Santo Domingo, is a unique space that showcases the relationship between plants and the cultural heritage of Oaxaca. This garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living museum that tells the story of how local communities have used plants for food, medicine, and rituals for thousands of years.

As you explore the garden, you'll see a diverse collection of plants native to Oaxaca, including various types of cacti, agaves, and other succulents. Many of these plants have been used by indigenous communities for centuries in traditional medicine, as food sources, or in religious ceremonies.

The garden is organized into different zones, each representing a different ecosystem found in Oaxaca. Informative signs in both Spanish and English explain the significance and uses of each plant, making it an educational experience as well as a beautiful one.

Guided tours are available and highly recommended, as they provide in-depth information about the plants and their cultural importance. The garden is also a great spot for birdwatching, with many native bird species frequenting the area.

Explore the Santo Domingo Cultural Center

The Santo Domingo Cultural Center, located in the former convent of Santo Domingo, is a must-visit for anyone interested in Oaxacan history and culture. This expansive complex houses several museums, a library, and beautiful gardens, offering a comprehensive look at the region's heritage.

The centerpiece of the cultural center is the Museo de las Culturas de Oaxaca, which we've already mentioned. However, the complex also includes the Fray Francisco de Burgoa Library, home to a valuable collection of historical texts and documents.

Another highlight is the Botanical Garden, which we've also discussed earlier. The cultural center also hosts temporary exhibitions, workshops, and cultural events throughout the year, so there's often something new to see.

The architecture of the building itself is worth admiring, with its mix of colonial and indigenous influences. Take time to explore the courtyards and gardens, which offer peaceful spots for reflection amidst the bustling city.

Take a Chocolate Workshop

Oaxaca is famous for its chocolate, and taking a chocolate workshop is a delicious way to learn about this important part of local culture. Chocolate has been consumed in Mesoamerica for thousands of years, and Oaxaca is one of the best places in Mexico to explore its history and production.

In a typical chocolate workshop, you'll start by learning about the history of cacao in Mesoamerica, from its use in ancient rituals to its modern-day popularity. You'll then see how cacao beans are roasted, ground, and mixed with ingredients like sugar and cinnamon to create chocolate.

Many workshops include a hands-on component where you can create your own chocolate bars or traditional Mexican drinks like champurrado (a warm, thick chocolate drink). You'll also learn about the different varieties of cacao and how terroir affects the flavor of the final product.

At the end of the workshop, you'll get to taste your creations, making for a sweet and satisfying experience. Many workshops also include information about sustainable cacao farming practices, adding an educational aspect to this tasty activity.

Visit the Museum of Contemporary Art of Oaxaca

For those interested in modern art, the Museum of Contemporary Art of Oaxaca (MACO) is a must-visit. Housed in a beautiful 18th-century mansion in the historic center, MACO showcases the work of contemporary Mexican and international artists.

The museum's collection includes paintings, sculptures, installations, and multimedia pieces, offering a diverse look at current trends in the art world. Many of the works on display explore themes related to Mexican identity, social issues, and the intersection of traditional and modern cultures.

In addition to its permanent collection, MACO hosts temporary exhibitions, providing a platform for emerging artists and new artistic movements. The museum also organizes workshops, lectures, and other cultural events throughout the year.

The building itself is worth admiring, with its colonial architecture providing an interesting contrast to the contemporary art inside. The museum's central courtyard is a peaceful spot to take a break and reflect on the artworks you've seen.

Explore the San Felipe Neri Church

The San Felipe Neri Church, located just a few blocks from the Zócalo, is one of Oaxaca's lesser-known but equally fascinating religious sites. Built in the 18th century, this church is known for its stunning baroque facade and rich interior decoration.

One of the most interesting aspects of San Felipe Neri is its historical significance. It was here that the Act of Independence of Oaxaca was signed in 1821, making it an important site in Mexico's struggle for independence from Spain.

Inside the church, you'll find an ornate altar and beautifully preserved religious art. The church is also known for its excellent acoustics, and if you're lucky, you might hear the organ being played during your visit.

The church is located on a small plaza that's a great spot for people-watching. On weekends, you might find local artisans selling their crafts here, adding to the vibrant atmosphere.

Take a Day Trip to Puerto Escondido

While not in Oaxaca City, a day trip to Puerto Escondido is a great way to experience Oaxaca's beautiful Pacific coastline. Located about 7 hours from the city by car (or a short flight), Puerto Escondido is a laid-back beach town known for its excellent surf breaks and relaxed atmosphere.

Even if you're not a surfer, there's plenty to do in Puerto Escondido. You can take a boat tour to see dolphins and sea turtles, go fishing, or simply relax on the beautiful beaches. The town is also known for its excellent seafood, so be sure to try some fresh fish or ceviche while you're there.

If you're interested in nature, consider visiting the nearby Manialtepec Lagoon, where you can take a night tour to see bioluminescent plankton. The town is also a great base for visiting nearby beaches like Mazunte and Zipolite.

While a day trip doesn't give you much time to explore, it's a great way to get a taste of Oaxaca's coastal culture if you're short on time. If possible, consider staying overnight to fully experience the laid-back beach lifestyle.

Attend a Local Festival or Celebration

Oaxaca is known for its vibrant festivals and celebrations, which offer a unique insight into local culture and traditions. Depending on when you visit, you might be able to attend one of these colorful events.

One of the most famous is the Guelaguetza, held in July, which we've already mentioned. But there are many other festivals throughout the year. In October, the city celebrates its founding with parades, concerts, and cultural events. During Day of the Dead (November 1-2), the city comes alive with altars, processions, and special foods.

Other notable celebrations include the Night of the Radishes on December 23, where local artisans carve elaborate figures from radishes, and the Noche de Rábanos in July, which features similar radish carvings.

Attending a local festival is a great way to experience Oaxacan culture firsthand. You'll see traditional dances, hear local music, and have the chance to try special foods associated with each celebration. Check local event calendars to see what's happening during your visit.

Conclusion

Oaxaca City is a treasure trove of cultural, historical, and culinary experiences that will captivate any traveler. From exploring ancient Zapotec ruins to savoring world-class cuisine, there's no shortage of things to do in this vibrant Mexican city.

Whether you're wandering through the colorful streets of Jalatlaco, learning about traditional crafts in a local workshop, or simply enjoying a cup of Oaxacan hot chocolate in a charming café, you'll find that Oaxaca City offers a unique blend of indigenous and colonial influences that create a truly unforgettable travel experience.

Remember, the best way to explore Oaxaca is to take your time and immerse yourself in the local culture. Don't be afraid to venture off the beaten path, try new foods, and engage with the friendly locals. With its rich history, vibrant arts scene, and warm hospitality, Oaxaca City is sure to leave you with lasting memories and a desire to return.

So pack your bags, bring your sense of adventure, and get ready to discover all the amazing things to do in Oaxaca City. Your Oaxacan adventure awaits!