Ultimate Guide: 25 Unforgettable Things To Do On The Big Island Of Hawaii
Dreaming of a tropical escape where adventure meets tranquility? Wondering what the things to do on the Big Island truly are beyond the postcard images? You're not alone. Many travelers hear "Hawaii" and picture Waikiki, but the Island of Hawaii—affectionately and officially called the Big Island—is a world apart. It’s a land of colossal volcanoes, stark deserts, lush rainforests, and world-class coffee farms, all coexisting in a single, breathtaking destination. This isn't just another Hawaiian island; it's a living museum of geology and culture, offering an intensity of experience you won't find anywhere else. Whether you're seeking heart-pounding adventure, profound cultural connection, or serene relaxation, the things to do on the Big Island are as vast and varied as the island itself. Let's dive into the ultimate guide to unlocking its wonders.
Volcanic Wonders: Walk on Land That's Still Being Made
1. Explore Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
At the top of any list of things to do on the Big Island is a visit to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and International Biosphere Reserve. This is where the planet's creative force is on full display. You can hike across ancient lava fields, explore the dramatic Thurston Lava Tube, and stand at the edge of the Kīlauea Caldera. While the 2018 eruption dramatically changed the landscape, the park remains a powerful testament to Pele, the Hawaiian volcano goddess. Pro tip: Visit the Kīlauea Visitor Center first for current conditions and ranger-led talks. The Crater Rim Drive offers stunning overlooks, and for a truly unique experience, join a sunset ranger program at the Halemaʻumaʻu crater overlook (when accessible). The park spans over 333,000 acres, so plan at least a full day, and consider the Kīlauea Iki crater hike for a moderately challenging trek through a rainforest into a solidified lava lake.
2. Witness the Lava (Safely and Legally)
Seeing active lava is the quintessential Big Island experience, but it requires patience and respect. Never attempt to view lava from unofficial, closed, or dangerous areas. The best and safest way is through National Park Service programs or authorized tour operators. When lava ocean entries are active (like during the 2018 lower Puna eruption), viewing from the ocean by boat or from designated coastal viewing areas (like the end of Highway 137 in Puna) is possible but subject to strict regulations and hazardous conditions (toxic fumes, unstable ground). More commonly, you'll witness the glow of lava in the caldera after dark from the park's overlooks. Check the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory website and the park's official site for the latest updates. The thrill of seeing ʻōpeʻa (lava) flow is a memory that lasts a lifetime, but safety is paramount.
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3. Discover the Scent of Sulphur at Steam Vents & Sulphur Banks
For a more accessible volcanic feature, head to the Steam Vents area within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Here, groundwater seeps into hot volcanic rock and returns as steam, creating a mystical, hissing landscape. A short walk leads to the Sulphur Banks, where volcanic gases escape, depositing bright yellow crystals. The air carries a distinct rotten egg smell (hydrogen sulfide). This is a quick, easy, and fascinating stop that showcases the island's geothermal heartbeat. Wear layers, as it can be cool and misty, and stay on marked trails.
4. Hike Through a Lava Tube at Kazumura Cave
While Thurston Lava Tube is the park's famous show cave, the Kazumura Cave near Hilo is the world's longest and deepest surveyed lava tube, spanning over 40 miles! It offers a more adventurous, less crowded caving experience. Guided tours from operators like Kazumura Cave Tours take you through stunning sections with intricate lava formations. It’s a cool (literally—60°F year-round) and otherworldly adventure on the Big Island that reveals the inner pathways of past eruptions. Bring a jacket, sturdy shoes, and a sense of wonder.
Immersive Hawaiian Culture & History
5. Step Back in Time at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park
This is one of the most significant cultural things to do on the Big Island. Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau (Place of Refuge) was a sanctuary where ancient Hawaiians could seek absolution after breaking a kapu (sacred law). The meticulously reconstructed heiau (temple) and thatched hale (houses) along the coastline provide a profound connection to the past. You can walk the same grounds as aliʻi (chiefs) and commoners. The adjacent ʻĀleʻaleʻa Heiau and the royal burial grounds add to the sacred atmosphere. The park's pale Hawaiian green sea turtles (honu) often bask on the beach—observe them from a respectful distance. It’s a powerful lesson in ancient Hawaiian law, religion, and compassion.
6. Feel the Spiritual Energy at Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site
Built in the 1790s by King Kamehameha I, Puʻukoholā Heiau is a massive, human-built temple of lava rock without mortar. It was constructed to honor the war god Kū and secure Kamehameha's destiny to unite the Hawaiian Islands. Standing atop this monumental structure, overlooking the Kohala coast, you can almost feel the weight of history. The adjacent Mailekini Heiau and the submerged ** submerged temple** tell a complex story of conquest and consolidation. The visitor center has excellent exhibits. This site is crucial for understanding the unification of Hawaii and is a deeply spiritual place for many Hawaiians today.
7. Connect with Tradition at the Lyman Museum & Mission House
In Hilo, the Lyman Museum (housed in a 1839 mission home) offers a beautifully curated journey through Hawaiian natural history, culture, and the island's missionary era. Its Earth Science Gallery features an impressive mineral and rock collection, while the Heritage Gallery showcases Hawaiian artifacts and dioramas of traditional life. The adjacent Lyman House Memorial Museum focuses on art and changing exhibits. It’s an excellent, air-conditioned respite from the Hilo rain and a fantastic way to gain context for all the cultural sites you'll visit.
8. Attend a Traditional Luau
No list of things to do on the Big Island is complete without a traditional Hawaiian luau. It's so much more than a buffet dinner. It's a celebration of ʻohana (family), food, music, and dance. Look for luaus that emphasize authentic Hawaiian culture, not just Polynesian revues. The Island Breeze Luau at the Fairmont Orchid or the Mauna Kea Beach Hotel Luau are renowned for their genuine storytelling through hula, oli (chants), and mele (songs). You'll learn the stories behind the dances, taste kālua pig cooked in an imu (underground oven), and may even try a bit of hula yourself. It’s a vibrant, sensory immersion into Hawaiian hospitality.
Outdoor Adventures & Natural Marvels
9. Hike the Majestic Waipiʻo Valley
The Valley of Kings is a breathtaking, steep-sided valley on the Hamakua Coast. Access to the valley floor is strictly controlled; the Waipiʻo Valley Lookout at the end of the paved road offers the iconic, sweeping view that has inspired for centuries. For the adventurous, a guided hike or horseback ride down the incredibly steep, 4-wheel drive road is the only way to reach the black sand beach, taro fields, and waterfalls below. The valley is sacred and was once the home of many Hawaiian kings. Respect the private property and taro farms if you descend. The lookout alone is worth the drive north from Hilo.
10. Chase Waterfalls in Hilo's Rainforest
Hilo, on the windward side, is one of the wettest cities in the U.S., and that water feeds spectacular waterfalls. ʻAkaka Falls State Park is the most famous, with an easy 0.4-mile loop trail leading to the 442-foot plunge. Just a short drive away, Rainbow Falls State Scenic Lookout offers a dramatic 80-foot fall that often creates a misty rainbow—hence the name—best seen in the morning sun. For fewer crowds, explore the Boiling Pots area along the Wailuku River. Always wear grippy shoes on potentially slippery trails and never climb on waterfalls.
11. Snorkel with Manta Rays at Night
One of the most magical Big Island adventures is night snorkeling with manta rays off the Kona coast. These gentle giants, with wingspans up to 15 feet, gather nightly at specific "cleaning stations" to feed on plankton illuminated by dive lights. Operators from Kona or Keauhou Bay provide boats, wetsuits, and guidance. Floating on the surface, watching these majestic creatures glide silently beneath you is an ethereal, unforgettable experience. It's suitable for most swimmers, but be prepared for the open ocean at night. Book with a reputable, eco-conscious operator.
12. Kayak or SUP with Sea Turtles in Kealakekua Bay
The clear, calm waters of Kealakekua Bay are a marine life sanctuary, famous for frequent encounters with spotted sea turtles (honu). The best way to experience it is by kayak or stand-up paddleboard (SUP). Launching from the Kealakekua Bay State Historical Park (access via a steep trail from the road above) or taking a guided kayak tour from the town of Captain Cook allows you to paddle over vibrant coral gardens and share the water with turtles, dolphins, and tropical fish. The bay is also the site of the Captain Cook Monument; you can view it from the water or hike the challenging trail to the monument itself.
13. Stargaze at the Summit of Maunakea
At 13,796 feet, the summit of Maunakea is one of the best astronomical observing sites on Earth. The Visitors Information Station at 9,200 feet is open to the public for stargazing with provided telescopes. For the full experience, join a sunset and stargazing tour that acclimatizes you to the altitude and provides expert narration. On a clear night, the Milky Way is breathtakingly visible. Crucially: The summit is sacred to Native Hawaiians. Treat it with reverence, stay on marked paths, and never remove rocks or plants. Check the Onizuka Center for International Astronomy website for access conditions, as weather can close the summit quickly.
14. Horseback Ride Through Paniolo Country
The Kohala Mountains and Waimea region are home to Hawaii's paniolo (cowboy) heritage, dating back to the 1830s. Horseback riding through the rolling, green pastures and eucalyptus groves is a fantastic way to experience the island's "Upcountry" charm. Ranches like Ponoholo Ranch or Waimea Country Estate offer rides for all levels, from one-hour introductory trips to multi-day adventures. You'll learn about paniolo history and enjoy vistas stretching to the ocean. It’s a peaceful, scenic, and deeply Hawaiian activity.
15. Mountain Bike Down a Volcano at Kona Bike Park
For thrill-seekers, the Kona Bike Park at the old Kona airport offers over 20 miles of purpose-built downhill and flow trails for all skill levels. Rentals and shuttles are available, making it easy to experience the adrenaline rush of flying through lava rock landscapes and dry forest. It’s a unique way to see a different side of the island's geology. For cross-country options, explore the trails in the Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park.
Beaches for Every Mood
16. Relax on White, Black, and Green Sand Beaches
The Big Island's volcanic origins create a stunning palette of sand colors. White sand beaches like Hapuna Beach State Park (consistently ranked among the best in the U.S.) offer perfect swimming and snorkeling in calm, clear water. Black sand beaches, such as Punaluʻu Beach (famous for its honu) and Isaac Hale Beach Park (Pohoiki), are dramatic reminders of recent volcanic activity. The rare green sand beach at Papakōlea is formed from olivine crystals; getting there requires a rugged 2.5-mile walk or shuttle ride from the end of the paved road. Always check ocean conditions for safety—west coast beaches (Kona/Kohala) are generally calmer for swimming than the east (Hilo).
17. Surf or Watch the Pros at Banyans & More
The Kona Coast is a world-class surf destination, especially in winter. Banyans in Kealakekua is a famous, powerful right-hander where pros often surf. Even if you don't surf, watching from the shore is a thrilling Big Island activity. For beginners, Kahaluʻu Beach Park (near Kona) offers gentle waves and a protected cove, with surf schools operating there. The Aliʻi Drive area in Kona has several surf shops and rental spots.
18. Swim with Dolphins in Kealakekua Bay
While not guaranteed, the spinner dolphins that frequent Kealakekua Bay are often playful and curious. Morning kayak trips frequently encounter pods spinning through the water. Important: Federal law prohibits swimming with or harassing wild dolphins. The rule is to observe from a distance (50 yards for spinner dolphins), let them approach you if they choose, and never chase or touch them. Responsible tour operators adhere strictly to these guidelines, ensuring a magical yet ethical encounter.
Culinary & Agricultural Delights
19. Tour a Kona Coffee Farm
The Kona Coffee Belt on the slopes of Hualālai and Maunakea produces some of the world's most prized coffee. Visiting a working coffee farm is a delicious and educational thing to do on the Big Island. Tours from farms like Greenwell Farms, Mountain Thunder Coffee Plantation, or Hula Daddy Coffee walk you through the process from cherry to cup, with tastings at the end. You'll learn about the "Kona Coffee" label (100% must be grown in the district) and the difference between "Extra Fancy" and "Prime" grades. Buy freshly roasted beans directly from the source.
20. Sample Fresh Produce at a Farmers Market
Hawaii's year-round growing season means farmers markets are overflowing with tropical fruits and local goods. The Hilo Farmers Market (Wednesdays & Saturdays) is legendary, arguably the best in the state, with everything from rambutan and lychee to local honey, poi, and hot plate lunches. The Keauhou Farmers Market (Saturdays) near Kona is also excellent. Go early for the best selection, bring cash, and be prepared for incredible flavors you've never tasted before. It's a feast for the senses and a great way to support local agriculture.
21. Indulge in Shave Ice & Plate Lunches
No Hawaiian visit is complete without shave ice (not shaved ice—the ice is shaved finely like snow). Try it with azuki beans, ice cream, and a drizzle of condensed milk at spots like Ululani's in Hilo or Shave Ice & Co. in Kona. For a hearty, local lunch, get a plate lunch—typically two scoops rice, macaroni salad, and a main like kālua pig, mahimahi, or loco moco (hamburger patty, egg, gravy over rice). CanoeHouse at the Mauna Lani or local spots like Sue's Coffee Shop in Hilo serve excellent versions.
Scenic Drives & Relaxation
22. Drive the scenic Hamakua Coast & Akaka Falls
The Hamakua Coast on the east side is a lush, cliff-lined drive with numerous waterfalls and overlooks. The Four Mile Scenic Route (Highway 19 from Hilo to Honokaa) is stunning. Combine it with stops at ʻAkaka Falls and Rainbow Falls. For a longer adventure, continue north to the Waipiʻo Valley Lookout and the historic town of Honokaa, with its charming main street.
23. Unwind at a Luxury Resort in Kona or Kohala
The west coast is home to the island's major resort areas. Kona Coast resorts like the Fairmont Orchid and Mauna Lani offer pristine beaches, multiple pools, and easy access to snorkeling and dining. The Kohala Coast (northwest) features ultra-luxury properties like the Four Seasons Hualālai and Mauna Kea Beach Hotel, set against dramatic black lava fields with world-class golf and spas. Even if you're not staying there, many have excellent restaurants and public areas worth a visit.
24. Visit a Historic Town: Hawi or Holualoa
Escape the tourist hubs in Kohala. The artsy town of Hawi, at the end of the Kohala Mountain Road, has galleries, boutiques, cafes, and the iconic Hawi Windmill. It's a gateway to the stunning Pololū Valley lookout. In Kona, the historic coffee town of Holualoa is a winding road of coffee farms, art studios, and old Hawaiian homes. Grab a coffee and soak in the slower pace.
25. Watch the Sunrise or Sunset from a Unique Vantage Point
The Big Island's size and geography offer incredible sunrise and sunset spots. For sunrise, head to the Saddle Road (Hwy 200) pull-offs for a view of Maunakea and Maunaloa bathed in early light, or the Pololū Valley overlook. For sunset, the Kona Coast beaches like Magic Sands or Aliʻi Drive are classic. For a truly dramatic scene, watch the sun dip below the ocean from the southernmost point in the USA at South Point (Ka Lae), where strong winds and rugged cliffs create a wild, unforgettable atmosphere.
Practical Tips for Your Big Island Adventure
- Rent a Car: This is non-negotiable. The island is huge (4,028 sq mi), and public transport is minimal. A 4-wheel drive vehicle is recommended for accessing remote areas like Papakōlea Green Sand Beach or Waipiʻo Valley.
- Respect the ʻĀina (Land): The Hawaiian concept of mālama ʻāina (to care for the land) is vital. Never touch or step on coral, stay on trails in sacred or sensitive areas, pack out all trash, and use reef-safe sunscreen.
- Weather & Elevation: Pack for all seasons in one day. The Kona/Kohala coasts are dry and sunny. Hilo is wet and humid. Summit areas of Maunakea and Maunaloa can be near freezing. Bring layers, a rain jacket, and sun protection.
- Book in Advance: Popular tours (manta ray, volcano, helicopter), rental cars, and accommodations, especially during peak seasons (summer, winter holidays), sell out months ahead.
- Give Yourself Time: To truly appreciate the things to do on the Big Island, you need a minimum of 7-10 days. Rushing from one side to the other wastes time in the car. Base yourself in two locations: one on the west (Kona/Kohala) and one on the east (Hilo) for efficient exploration.
Conclusion: Your Unforgettable Journey Awaits
The things to do on the Big Island extend far beyond a simple checklist. They are invitations to witness the raw power of a forming Earth, to walk in the footsteps of kings and paniolos, to taste the fruits of volcanic soil, and to find your own slice of paradise on a black, white, or green sand beach. It’s a destination that demands engagement—you’ll learn about geology, history, and ecology simply by being there. Whether you spend your days hiking through steam vents, learning the stories behind a hula dance, or simply watching the sun set over the Pacific from a quiet cove, the Big Island leaves an indelible mark. It’s not just a place to see; it’s a place to feel, to explore, and to understand. Your unforgettable Hawaiian journey starts with embracing the island's immense scale and profound spirit. Now, go and discover your own perfect list of things to do on the Big Island.
